कामरेड लाई चिठ्ठी "लिम्बुवान को पाँच हजार बन्दुक खोई ?"

प्रिय कमांडर,
मुक्तिको सलाम अर्पण गरे ।

समग्र नेपाली को राजनितिक अवस्था खराब छ यो यथावत सत्यलाई सबैले बूझेकै कुरा हो । यद्यपि यही राजनितिक भूगोल भित्र नेपालका एकात्मक बाहुंनवादी सामन्ती, भारतीय दलाल अनि बेस्या पुत्र, सरणार्थीहरुले गर्दा लिम्बुवान बिवस भएर नेपाली साम्राज्यमा बिलिन हुन पुग्यो । 1831 को लालमोहर को सन्धि पुर्खाहरुले गरेको ठुलो भूल थियो । त्यस पछि को काठमाण्डू केंद्रित सासन प्रणालीले सारा नेपाली कै बिजोग बनाएको पनी कटु सत्य धरतलमा छताछुल्ल छ । तर आजका आधुनिक लिम्बुवान र खम्बुवानमा कहिले पनी सन्धिमा सम्झौता भये अनुसार सासन पद्धति रूपांतरण हुन सकेन, फलस्वरूप समय समयमा आंदोलनहरु भई रहे । एक आपसको फुटले कहिले आफ्नो समुदायको हित गर्न सकेन आज बाध्य भएर बाहने साम्राज्य स्वीकार गर्नु परिरहेको छ । राणा सासनले थिल थिल पारेपछि ध्वस्त भयेको लिम्बुवानी र खुंबुवानी सामाजिक संरचना नराम्ररी थला परेको छ । थोरै लाई 2007 साल को क्रान्ति बाट न चेत खुलेको थियो । त्यही चेतको आधारमा बन्दुक बोकेर  लडको मुक्ति आंदोलन फेरी पनी बाहुने बीपी को हातमा परे पछी लिम्बु र राई फेरी पनि गुलामी हुन बाध्य भये । 1831 मा सुरु भएको गुलामी पनले निरन्तरता पायो । तेस पछिका जती पनि राजनितिक आन्दोलनहरु भये तिनमा तमाम आदिवासी अनि लिम्बुवानी जनता हतियार को रुपमा मात्र प्रयोग हुन बाध्य भये । के सच्ची नै आदिवासी जनजाति मुलबासी मंगोल हरुमा चेतना सुन्या नै भएको हो ? प्रश्न गंभीर छ ।
 
कामरेड, त्यो भन्दा पनि ठुलो प्रश्न दूरदर्शिता र दृढ संकल्प नहुनु ठुलो कमजोरी देखिएको छ । एसको प्रमुख कमजोरी बिषेस गरि लिम्बु र राइमा एक ले अर्कालाई सम्मान गर्न नजान्नुनै हो । हाम्रो सम्प्रदायमा अहंता को भावना हाम्रो मुक्ति को निम्ति तगारो बनेको छ । तेसको प्रमुख उदाहरण एक लिम्बुवानी आन्दोलन संग गासीएर आएको घटना बाट प्रस्टयाउनु चाहन्छु । हुन त लिम्बुवानी आन्दोलन अहिले जे जस्तो अवस्थामा रहे पनि सुरुवाती चरणमा बैचारिक मतभिन्नता धेरै भएका हुन। त्यही मतभिन्नता ले दुइटा बिचारधारा ले सतह मा फैलीन अवसर पायेकै को त्यही फरक बिचार ले आज ठुलो स्थान पाएको छ र सत्य साबित भएको छ तर हामी एक हुन नसक्दा हाम्रा आन्दोलनका बहाब ले गति लिएन । जसको फलस्वरूप अझै पनी 3/4 ससाना भूमिगत पार्टीहरु सक्रिय छन । माओवादी द्वन्द कै पालामा पनी गाउघर मा चल्ती को भासा माँ  काम्ब्राङ हरुको अस्वतीत्व लाई लिएर चर्चा परिचर्चा भएकै हुन । यो घटना लाई लम्बे ताम्बे ब्याख्या गर्नु भन्दा पनि मुलत शिर्षक को सार लाई जोडन चाहन्छु । लिम्बुवान को आंदोलन को पर्याय जसलाई गोए पनि त्यही आंदोलन मा होमियका अथवा त्यही बाट प्रसिक्षित भएका केहि युबा पीडीहरुमा लिम्बुवानी आंदोलन बन्दुक बॉट मात्र किनारा लाग्छ भन्नेहरुको अझै पनि ठुलो जमात छ । इलाम चुलाचुली को सम्मलेन पछि सक्रिय रुपमा लिम्बुवानी मुक्तिको लागि छापामार शैली लाई अवलम्बन गरेको कुरा कटु सत्य हो । त्यही योजना अंतर्गत अमेरिका र बेलायत मा बस्ने 6 जना बाट पचीस करोड़ अर्थात साढ़े दुई मिलियन डलर जम्मा भएको पनि हो । अनि उत्तर कोरियाले मकाउ बाट हतियार smuggling गर्ने कुरा hongkong बाट जानकारी आये पछि C Force को 3 जनाको डेलिगेसंन टोली गयेको पनि सास्वत स्यात्य हो । जब हतियार smuggling को डील पश्चात 5000 थान  AK 47 किन आएन यहाँ गंभीर प्रश्न छ । C Force लाई दिएको जिम्मेवारी मा गम्भीर त्रुटि भएको देखिन्छ । आज त्यति सस्तो मा हतियार लिम्बुवान मा भित्राउन असंभव प्राय नै छ । यधपि सके पनि पूर्ण excercise नगरिकन गरिएको काम अपूर्ण नै हुन्छ । यहाँ बाट लिम्बुवानी आंदोलन ले पाठ सिक्नु पर्दछ । नेता को रुपमा चुनियेका हरुको अपारदर्शिता अनि ध्रीढता को कमजोरीका कारण हामीले धेरै पल्ट दुख भोगी सकेका छौ । अझै गुलाम हुन बाध्य छौ । आज त्यो सम्मलेन को दिन र पारित भएको प्रस्ताव लाई सम्झिदा अनि त्यो हामीले पाउने बन्दुक हात मा नहूदा लिम्बुवानी 5000 बन्दुक खोज्न मन लागेको छ । म तेसको उत्तर चाहन्छु । हाम्रो बन्दुक खोई ? मेरो आकांक्षा माथि कालो धब्बा लागेको छ । मेरो सपना कहिले पूरा हुन्छ कामरेड को उत्तर को प्रतीक्षा मा छु । जय लिम्बुवान ।

मुक्तिकामी
चेसुंग
लिम्बुवान जिन्दावाद ।

सिंगापूर प्रहरी भर्ना प्रक्रियामा ब्यापक भ्रस्टाचार ।

गोर्खा भर्ती अंतर्गत सिंगापुर प्रहरी भर्ना गराउने क्रममा ब्यापक भ्रस्टाचार भएको छ । पहिलो चरण को छनौट प्रक्रिया पूरा गरी सिंगापूर पुलिसको अन्तिम भर्ना प्रक्रियामा पैसठी जना पोखरा पुगेका थिए । ती मध्ये तिस जना मात्र भर्ना हुने भएकोले पोखरा पुगेर छनौट भएका अधिकांशले दस लाख का दरले घुस दिएको तिनका परिवारले बताएका छन । नाम नखुलाउने सर्तमा एक गल्लावलले सिंगापूर प्रहरी को भर्ती प्रक्रियामा करीब पचास लाख बरबर घुस लेनदेन भएको बताएका छन । सिंगापुर प्रहरीको सिमित कोटा भएको र इंस्पेक्टर भन्दा माथिको तहका प्रहरीको भर्ती प्रक्रियामा ठाडो हस्तक्षप हुने गरेकोले आर्थिक रुपमा बड़ी चलखेल हुने गरेको गोर्ख़ा भर्तीका निम्ति खोलिएका तालीम केन्द्रका प्रशिक्षकहरुले बताउने गरेका छन । कतिपय गल्लवल तथा तालीम केन्द्रका प्रशिक्षकहरुले घुस लिन र दिन को निम्ती मध्यस्तता खेल्ने गरेको गुनासो स्वय गल्लवल गर्ने गर्दछन् ।

 

The Rise and Fall of the Koch Kirat People

It is mentioned in the First Part that a branch of Kirat people under the leadership of Kochu Hang had migrated to North Bengal and had settled there in a place called Koch Bihar. From this place, they spread to Assam, Burma, Siam(Syam) and Vietnam. There are various tribal folklores as to how they spread from the west to the east. The Chingphos or Kachin people claim that they spread from Nepal Terai. The Nagas also claim that they migrated from Eastern Nepal.212 Similarly the Khasis say that they had migrated from the Khas land of Western Nepal. All these tribal folklores prove that the people of Assam and Burma are the children of the Himalayan Mountains. When the other Mongolian and Chinese people migrated from North Eastern directions they intermingled with the people of Assam and constituted a big nation of various castes and creeds whom the Aryan people when acquainted with called them Kirats.

When they first came in contact with the Koch people of North Bengal, they were very surprised to hear their language which sounded peculiar to the ears of the Aryan people so they called their langauge Kubachya or bad speech instead of their good name Koch.As these Indian Aryans had known them in the North West India specially in Sindh by the name of Mlechha Asur people, they composed the following poetry in sanskrit:

"Sarba bhakchhyata murha Mlechha go brahman gharaka

Kubach ka parey Mlechha .. kutta yonaya

Tesam paichiki bhasa loka charona bidyate"

That is to say that the Mlechha people eat everything. They do no hesitate to kill cows and Brahmins.

Their original residence is a mountainous country. The Mlechhas or Meches were a class of the Kirat Ashur people who had fought against the Aryans for many years so they never talked any good of them.

Thus, this Koch people are divided into Mech, Koch and Tharu classes. Their first settlement in India was Kamrup. In olden days, the jurisdiction of Kamrup was from the Eastern Nepal to Lahut and from the Bhutan hill to Dinajpur. So long they were pure Kirat people there was a good unity among them. But when Hinduism influenced them they lost their identity and disappeared.

But the records of their ancestors as Kirat monarchs are so great that modern historians cannot keep quiet without writing in praise of their triumph.

A brief history of Mrung Kirat people of Tripura State of Assam

As Nepal is proud of calling itself the Ancient Country of Kirat people so the Tripura Sate of Assam is also a very famous Kirat Kingdom from the ancient time. The Chronology of the Royal family of this State is called the Rajmala where it mentions the origin of their dynasty descended from Moon god who were also called the Yayati Kirat tribe in Hindu epic.

In 1240 A.D. the Muhammadan Sultan King of East Bengal invaded the Kirat King Cheng-thum-pha of Tripura State encountered him and drove him away from his boundary. In 1350, King Dangur-pha a descendent of King Cheng-Thum-pha was revolted by his won son Ratan-pha and was successful in driving his father away from the throne and became King of Tripura State. He was helped by the Sultan King of Bengal, so he being pleased gave him the title of Manikya. So he established this new dynasty of Manikya family in Tripura State. He encouraged thousands of Bengali families to settle in his Kingdom who introduced the Indo-Aryan language and Culture among the Kirat people of Kukie of Mrung tribe.

His son Charma Manikya became a great-learned King in Sanskrit and Bengali literature in 14th Century. In the 15th Century his successor Dhannya Manikya became a powerful King by subduring all the feudatory Chiefs of Tripura State. He was very much helped by the Kukie Kirat Chief whom he had made his Chief general of his army. He extended his Kingdom upto Chittagong and Arakan province of Burma. He abolished the rite of human sacrifice before Shakti-goddess. 

In the16th Century his eldest son Dhwaj Manikya succeeded him on the throne, but he was assassinated by his Hindu-priest, a Maithili Brahman. So his youngest brother Bijay Manikya became the King of Tripura State. He gave death punishment to the assassin of his brother. He also became famous Kirat King by conquering Sylhet, Jaintiya, Khasi and East Bengal States. Thus East Bengal and Middle Assam became a part of Tripura Kirat State.

But after his death, his son Ammar-Manikya became King of Tripura State. He was revolted by the Kirat people of Arakan and was defeated in the battle. So he committed suicide in 1611 A.D. Although Tripura State was an independent State of Kirat people from the beginning, yet it has now been lined with the other feudatory States of India.

The Khas-Kirat Tribes As Gorkhas Of Nepal Or Nepalese Nation

The present Nepalese nation is a combination of two big races of the Himalayan country of Nepal who are known by the name of Kirat and Khas tribes. In the beginning, the Kirat tribes had occupied all the countries of the Himalayan mountains extending from Afghanistan to Assam and North Burma. Later on the Khas tribe came from the North and fought with the Kirat people and distributed the Himalayan countries into two big divisions. The land between Kashmir to river Trisuli was called Khas land and the residents were called Khasiyas or Khasis or Khas people. The land between river Trisuli and Assam was called the Kirat land and the people were called Kiratese or Kirat people. They were ally tribes from the time of Mahabharata. Both the tribes had represented their armies in the battle of Kuruchetra. During 317 BC, both tribes had jointly helped King Chandra Gupta against his enemy Nanda King of Magadha.
The Khas had many languages with a few dialects; the Kirat had also many languages with various dialects.
In the beginning the Vedic Aryans had no acquaintance with both the Kirat and Khas people. The latter also did not care to know about and study their culture. So the Vedic Aryans composed a poem in Sanskrit about the Kirat and Khas tribes ignoring them from their fold. They have called them, "Shudras" or foreigners.
"Shanakaistu kriye loped imah kshatriya jatayah, Brikhalatwam gata lokey Brahmana darshanena cha, Paudra Kaschou Dravidra Kamboja Yauwanah Sakah, Parada Palhawa Chinah Kiratah Daradah Khasah."
Although the tribes called Tangan, Kulinda and Daradas were separate from the Khas tribes, Rahul Sankrityayan proves that they belonged to the same Khas people of the Punjab hills. The original habitat of the Khas tribe was on the basin of river Tarim in Central Asia. Their fort was called the Khas garh. When they were disturbed by a nomadic tribe called Laghu Uichi Kushan, they left their native land and migrated towards the Himalayan countries of Chitral, Gilgit, Kashmir, Kulu, Punjab hills or Kumaon, Garhwal and Nepal. The Tibetans had already known them by the name of Horpa with their ally tribe called Sokpa or Mongolian.When they intermingled with them, they were called the Horsok tribe. As the Horpa tribes were of bigger built and their faces were comparatively bigger than that of the Tibetan people, they called them Khachhe Khas tribe which means the Khas tribe of people who had bigger faces.

The Chinese people also remarked the Horsok or Khachhe Khas tribe to be of white colour, blue eyes, sharp noses and grey hair. They are not actually Aryans, but either Turks or Mongolians. Many people make a mistake of thinking Turks to be Muhammadans. But in fact, a Turk means the Western Mongolians who were descendents of the Tyurk of Japhetist race of the Western direction228, and Khan was their leader. The word Gurkhan means the King of Kings in their language. The word ourkha of Nepal appears to have been derived from the Gurkhan of Central Asia. The famous Gurkhan of Khas people in Tarim land was Yelu whose scion ruled there for three generations after which this Gurkhan dynasty was ousted by the enemies from there. So these Khas tribes with their Gurkhan left their native place and came towards the Himalayan countries of Chitral, Gilgit, Kashmir, Ladak, Kumaon, Kulu, Garhwal and Nepal and settled there permanently. Thus, those Khas people of Chiral and Gillgit called themselves to be of Kho tribe; the same Khasas of Kashmir and Ladaks were called Khachhey tribe. In the Kumaon province they called themselves Darad, Kunet or Kuninda and Tangan tribes. In Garhwal they were called Khasas or Monpas or Bhotias, though they are now proud of calling themselves Rajput Hindus. And in Nepal they are called Khas or Kshetri tribe.
As I mentioned before, they had to encounter the Kirat people in all the above mentioned places in the beginning, but later on came to good terms with them and mixed with them and constituted a big race. When a good relationship was made among them, they divided the Himalayan region into two big divisions; the Eastern and the Western Himalayas. The Kirat people ruled the Eastern Himalayas and the Khas people ruled the Western Himalayas. River Trisuli was the boundary between these two divisions. In this way, the land between river Trisuli and Kashmir was called the Khas land and the land between river Trisuli and Assam was called the Kirat land. Gradually the Khas tribe and Kirat tribe mixed so much so that they began to claim the same family title for both tribes. For example, the family titles of Kharka, Thapa, Rana, Punwar, Konwar, Gharti Burathoki, Baral, Rimal, Rijal, Darlami, Khulal, Sinjali, Basnet, Karki, Bohora, Bista, Singh and Sen can be found in both Khas and Kirat tribes. The practice of Feudalism was common in both tribes and the system of election for common overlordship was also famous among them. Thus, a league of Barah Thakuris ruled Jumla. A league of Barah Magar tribes ruled Mangrat. The Char Ghaley tribes ruled Lamjong. The Nau Gurungs tribes ruled Pokhara. The Ath Khas tribes ruled the Gorkha estates in West Nepal. The Naulakh Kirat ruled Majhkirat and Tem Limbus ruled the Pallo Kirat or Limbuwan in East Nepal.

The famous eight Khas tribes that I found in my MSS are Thapa, Bohora, Karki, Basnet, Rahut, Roka, Bista and Kharka in which Kharka was their Gurkhan or King and Bista was their priest. So long they were not converted into Hinduism, they had free matrimonial connection with the Kirat people of Magar tribe and so they had common family titles. But since the time of Khas people's conversion into Hinduism, they began to feel themselves high caste Hindus and so they themselves separated from their neighbors. They adopted the Devnagri script for Khas language and administered their lands. But since the time of Gorkha King Prithvi Narayan Shah all the Khas Kingdoms as well as Kirat Kingdoms were brought into one unity with common name of Gorkhas. So, the old feeling of relationship between the Kirat and Khas families began to revive and the national feeling grew stronger and the country of Nepal started adopting one language, one literature and one national name of brave Gurkhas alias Nepalese nation.
During 1845-46 AD, the Nepal Government formed a regiment of 6000 Kirat soldiers of Limbuwan in the Nepalese Army and stationed them in Patan with the name of Bhairab Nath.
In the year 1889, the Nepal Government permitted the British Government to form a Battalion of Kirat soldiers under the title of Gurkha Rifles. So they raised a Battalion and called it the 10th Gurkha Rifles. In the same manner in 1907, a 2nd Battalion of Kirat soldiers was formed and called it the 7th Gurkha Rifles.
Thus, the Khas Kirat tribes of Nepal became the world famous Gurkhas alias Nepalese nation.

Source: Kirat M.M.S. and Kirat itihaas by iman sing chemjong.

A brief history of Mrung Kirat people of Tripura State of Assam, India

As Nepal is proud of calling itself the Ancient Country of Kirat people so the Tripura Sate of Assam is also a very famous Kirat Kingdom from the ancient time. The Chronology of the Royal family of this State is called the Rajmala where it mentions the origin of their dynasty descended from Moon god who were also called the Yayati Kirat tribe in Hindu epic.

In 1240 A.D. the Muhammadan Sultan King of East Bengal invaded the Kirat King Cheng-thum-pha of Tripura State encountered him and drove him away from his boundary. In 1350, King Dangur-pha a descendent of King Cheng-Thum-pha was revolted by his won son Ratan-pha and was successful in driving his father away from the throne and became King of Tripura State. He was helped by the Sultan King of Bengal, so he being pleased gave him the title of Manikya. So he established this new dynasty of Manikya family in Tripura State. He encouraged thousands of Bengali families to settle in his Kingdom who introduced the Indo-Aryan language and Culture among the Kirat people of Kukie of Mrung tribe.

His son Charma Manikya became a great-learned King in Sanskrit and Bengali literature in 14th Century. In the 15th Century his successor Dhannya Manikya became a powerful King by subduring all the feudatory Chiefs of Tripura State. He was very much helped by the Kukie Kirat Chief whom he had made his Chief general of his army. He extended his Kingdom upto Chittagong and Arakan province of Burma. He abolished the rite of human sacrifice before Shakti-goddess. In the16th Century his eldest son Dhwaj Manikya succeeded him on the throne, but he was assassinated by his Hindu-priest, a Maithili Brahman. So his youngest brother Bijay Manikya became the King of Tripura State. He gave death punishment to the assassin of his brother. He also became famous Kirat King by conquering Sylhet, Jaintiya, Khasi and East Bengal States. Thus East Bengal and Middle Assam became a part of Tripura Kirat State. But after his death, his son Ammar-Manikya became King of Tripura State. He was revolted by the Kirat people of Arakan and was defeated in the battle. So he committed suicide in 1611 A.D. Although Tripura State was an independent State of Kirat people from the beginning, yet it has now been lined with the other feudatory States of India.

An Account of Ahum Kirat Tribe of Assam

The Ahums are the descendents of Shan people of North Burma, who under the leadership of Chu-ka-pha, crossed Mt. Patkoi in about 1228 A.D. and entered the upper portion of the land to which they gave their own name and called it the Ahum or Aham which the aboriginal Kirat people pronounced Assam.
They were as many as 9000 people with 300 horses and two elephants. With this force they took possession of upper Assam from the hand of Kachhari and Chutiya tribes. They were engaged for several hundred years in conflicts with Kachharis and Chutiyas and it was not till 1540 A.D. that they finally overthrew the latter and established their rule as far as Khallang. The power of the Chutiya tribe had been broken and their King slain some forty years earlier.
In 1562 A.D. the Koch King Nara Narayan, who was at the zenith of his power invaded the Ahum territory and in the following year he inflicted a decisive defeat on them and sacked their capital. Subsequently the Koch Kingdom was divided into two States so its power was declined and that of Ahum Kings increased and so the Rajas of Jaintiya, Dimmasa and others who had formerly been feudatories to Koch King, acknowledged the suzerainty of Ahums.
The Musalmans on several occasions invaded their country, but never succeeded in conquering their country. A Pathan named Turbuk led his army as far as Kollabar in 1506 A.D. and defeated the Ahums; but was in his return beaten back and chased as far as Kartoya. The next invasion was led by Saiyad Babakar in 1627 A.D.; but was equally unsuccessful. Their army was cut up and the Ahums established their sway as far as Gohati.

In 1663 A.D. Mir Jumla invaded their Country with a large army and after some fighting took the capital. The Ahum Raja fled eastwards and worried the Musalmans by a constant guerilla warfare during the rains. This together with the difficulty of obtaining supplies and the extreme unhealthiness of the climate, and the consequences of heavy mortality among his troops who threatened to mutiny made Mir Jumla glad to patch up a peace which he did and retreated rapidly to Bengal where he died shortly.
Afterwards, the Ahum King again took Gohati and made the Koch Kings of Mangaldai and Beltola his tributaries. He defeated another invasion led by Raja Ram Singh and extended his boundary up to river Monass.
The Ahums were then at the height of their power and all the minor rulers of Assam acknowledged their suzerainty.
After that, the Assam Kings of Tai Ahum Shan family were converted into Hinduism and claimed descent from Raiput family. King Chuk-rung-pha was very eager to become Hindu disciple of Krisna Ram Bhattacharja, in 1695 A.D.; but he died soon in 1714 A.D. So his son Sib Singh became Hindu King and occupied the temple of Kamakhya.